Review Extracted Text
PDF text extraction may introduce errors — missing line breaks, merged words, garbled characters, or stripped formatting. Please review the text in the box above, make any needed corrections, then click Analyze Readability when you are satisfied with the text.
Analysis Results
What to print
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Readability Report
At a glance
Text with highlightsLong sentences, hard words, passive voice and cognates marked in colour
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Words to pre-teach
Sentences
Teaching strategies by ELP level
Teaching tipsFor English learners, based on this text
Readability scores and counts
What do these scores mean?
Flesch Reading Ease: Higher scores indicate easier reading (0-100 scale). Widely used in education and government.
Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level: Indicates US school grade level needed to comprehend the text.
Gunning Fog Index: Estimates years of formal education needed to understand text on first reading.
SMOG Index: Particularly accurate for health and educational materials, estimates grade level needed for 100% comprehension.
Lexile Estimate: Approximates the proprietary Lexile measure using correlations with other readability formulas. The actual Lexile Framework uses semantic and syntactic analysis beyond basic readability formulas.
English learner counts
What do these counts mean?
Long Sentences: 25+ words; longer sentences impose greater cognitive load, especially with embedded clauses.
Complex Words: 3+ syllables; multisyllabic words are harder to decode and often carry academic or domain-specific meaning.
Academic Vocabulary: Words from the Academic Word List (AWL) — high-utility cross-disciplinary words rarely used in everyday conversation.
Passive Voice: Subject receives the action (e.g., "was discovered"); obscures the agent and is a common source of EL confusion.
High-Frequency Coverage: Percentage of text from the most common English words. Higher = more accessible without specialized vocabulary.
Cognates Found: Words similar in English and the selected language(s) sharing the same meaning — a powerful bridge for students whose L1 shares roots with English.
